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Range of motion (or ROM) is the linear or angular distance that a moving object may normally travel while properly attached to another.. In biomechanics and strength training, ROM refers to the angular distance and direction a joint can move between the flexed position and the extended position. [1]
When passive range of motion is applied, the joint of an individual receiving exercise is completely relaxed. At the same time, the outside force moves the body part, such as a leg or arm, throughout the available range. Injury, surgery, or immobilization of a joint may affect the normal joint range of motion. [7] Active range of motion is the ...
Muscle energy is a direct and active technique, meaning it engages a restrictive barrier and requires the patient's participation for maximal effect. A restrictive barrier describes the limit in range of motion that prevents the patient from reaching the baseline limit in their range of motion. [5]
The result is a feeling of increased muscle control, flexibility, and range of motion. Stretching is also used therapeutically to alleviate cramps and to improve function in daily activities by increasing range of motion. [2] [3] In its most basic form, stretching is a natural and instinctive activity; it is performed by humans and many other ...
During this phase, physical therapy is utilized to regain range of motion and prevent stiffness. Starting out with rehabilitation there is an emphasis on range of motion exercises such as passive and active assisted which provides mobility to the joints while preventing further stress/damage to the tissues healing.
The range of motion describes the total range of motion that a joint is able to do. [5] For example, if a part of the body such as a joint is overstretched or "bent backwards" because of exaggerated extension motion, then it can be described as hyperextended .
Continuous passive motion (CPM) devices are used during the first phase of rehabilitation following a soft tissue surgical procedure or trauma. The goals of phase 1 rehabilitation are: control post-operative pain, reduce inflammation, provide passive motion in a specific plane of movement, and protect the healing repair or tissue.
The International Federation of Orthopaedic Manipulative Physical Therapists defines joint mobilization as "a manual therapy technique comprising a continuum of skilled passive movements that are applied at varying speeds and amplitudes to joints, muscles or nerves with the intent to restore optimal motion, function, and/or to reduce pain." [1]