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Software engineering is a field within computer science focused on designing, developing, testing, and maintaining of software applications. It involves applying engineering principles and computer programming expertise to develop software systems that meet user needs.
The term "software crisis" was coined by some attendees at the first NATO Software Engineering Conference in 1968 at Garmisch, Germany. [1] [2] Edsger Dijkstra's 1972 Turing Award Lecture makes reference to this same problem: [3] The major cause of the software crisis is that the machines have become several orders of magnitude more powerful!
The term "software engineering" was deliberately chosen as the conference title to provoke thought regarding the need for disciplined approaches in software development. [4] During the conference, participants discussed issues such as software reliability, project management, and the challenges of large-scale software systems. [1]
Software maintenance is the modification of software after delivery. [1]As per the IEEE standard glossary of software engineering terminology, software maintenance refers to the process of modifying and updating software after its initial development and deployment, to correct faults, improve performance or other attributes, add new features to meet evolving user requirements, or adapt to a ...
Software assurance initiatives are programs and activities designed to ensure the quality, reliability, and security of software systems. These initiatives are important because software is used in a wide range of applications, from business operations to critical infrastructure, and defects or vulnerabilities in software can have serious consequences.
Software analysis begins with a requirements analysis to capture the business needs of the software. [19] Challenges for the identification of needs are that current or potential users may have different and incompatible needs, may not understand their own needs, and change their needs during the process of software development. [20]
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Once the previous stage completed successfully (and must be completed successfully before entering next stage), the next stage would be evolution. Users tend to change their requirements as well as they prefer to see some improvements or changes. Due to this factor, the software industry is facing the challenges of rapid changes environment.