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Ambrose: When you have done thus much, attained both poverty and meekness, remember that you are a sinner, mourn your sins, as He proceeds, Blessed are they that mourn. And it is suitable that the third blessing should be of those that mourn for sin, for it is the Trinity that forgives sin. [4]
4 And blessed are all they that mourn, for they shall be comforted. 5 And blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth. 6 And blessed are all they who do hunger and thirst after righteousness, for they shall be filled with the Holy Ghost. 7 And blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy.
Blessed are they who mourn, for they will be comforted, corresponds to the Gift of Knowledge, as for Augustine the knowledge of God brings both an increased awareness of personal sin, and to some extent grieving at the abandonment of practices and activities that separate one from God.
Each, except for the last, follows the same pattern of naming a group of people and the reward they will receive. Hans Dieter Betz notes that in Jesus' time blessed was a common way of describing someone who is wealthy. In his discussion of Croesus in Herodotus, for instance, the link between being blessed and being wealthy is assumed [vague]. [2]
Bienheureux ceux qui pleurent (Blessed are they that mourn) IV. Bienheureux ceux qui ont faim et soif de la justice (Blessed are they that hunger and thirst for righteousness) V. Heureux les miséricordieux (Blessed are the merciful) VI. Bienheureux ceux qui ont le cœur pur (Blessed are the pure in heart) VII.
Augustine: Let the unyielding then wrangle and quarrel about earthly and temporal things, the meek are blessed, for they shall inherit the earth, and not be rooted out of it; that earth of which it is said in the Psalms, Thy lot is in the land of the living, (Ps. 142:5.) meaning the fixedness of a perpetual inheritance, in which the soul that ...
Augustine: He pronounces those blessed who succour the wretched, because they are rewarded in being themselves delivered from all misery; as it follows, for they shall obtain mercy. [8] Hilary of Poitiers: So greatly is God pleased with our feelings of benevolence towards all men, that He will bestow His own mercy only on the merciful. [8]
That peace only is blessed which is lodged in the heart, and does not consist only in words. And they who love peace, they are the sons of peace. [6] Hilary of Poitiers: The blessedness of the peacemakers is the reward of adoption, they shall be called the sons of God. For God is our common parent, and no other way can we pass into His family ...