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[2] [3] The rating of a tornado is determined by conducting a tornado damage survey. The scale has the same basic design as the original Fujita scale—six intensity categories from zero to five, representing increasing degrees of damage.
The 1977 Birmingham–Smithfield F5 tornado's damage was surveyed by Ted Fujita and he "toyed with the idea of rating the Smithfield tornado an F6". [13] In 2001, tornado expert Thomas P. Grazulis stated in his book F5–F6 Tornadoes ; "In my opinion, if there ever was an F6 tornado caught on video, it was the Pampa, Texas tornado of 1995 ". [ 14 ]
It linked damage descriptions—like felled trees or destroyed houses—to a bracket of wind speeds that would have been necessary to cause the damage, assigning each a rating from F0 to F5. This approach to rating tornadoes and concluding their probable wind speeds was revolutionary and was replicated and adapted into the various scales used ...
How is tornado intensity measured? EF Scale: The Enhanced Fujita Scale is a rating of a tornado's strength calculated by surveying damage and comparing it with damage to similar objects at ...
The Enhanced Fujita scale measures a tornado's intensity on a scale of 1 to 5 based on its wind speed estimates and resulting damages.
Tornado intensity is the measure of wind speeds and potential risk produced by a tornado. Intensity can be measured by in situ or remote sensing measurements, but since these are impractical for wide-scale use, intensity is usually inferred by proxies , such as damage.
Lastly, an EF5 tornado, the highest rating a tornado can receive, can create an incredible amount of damage. Wind speeds in an EF5 are in excess of 201 mph. Trees can be debarked with only stubs ...
The International Fujita scale is also used to rate the intensity of tornadoes and other wind events based on the severity of the damage they cause. [13] Doppler radar data, photogrammetry, and ground swirl patterns (trochoidal marks) may also be analyzed to determine intensity and assign a rating. [14] [15]