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This is a list of articles about prime numbers. A prime number (or prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself. By Euclid's theorem, there are an infinite number of prime numbers. Subsets of the prime numbers may be generated with various formulas for primes.
Ω(n), the prime omega function, is the number of prime factors of n counted with multiplicity (so it is the sum of all prime factor multiplicities). A prime number has Ω(n) = 1. The first: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37 (sequence A000040 in the OEIS). There are many special types of prime numbers. A composite number has Ω(n) > 1.
For example, 3 is a Mersenne prime as it is a prime number and is expressible as 2 2 − 1. [1] [2] The numbers p corresponding to Mersenne primes must themselves be prime, although the vast majority of primes p do not lead to Mersenne primes—for example, 2 11 − 1 = 2047 = 23 × 89. [3]
The progressions of numbers that are 0, 3, or 6 mod 9 contain at most one prime number (the number 3); the remaining progressions of numbers that are 2, 4, 5, 7, and 8 mod 9 have infinitely many prime numbers, with similar numbers of primes in each progression.
A list of articles about numbers (not about numerals). Topics include powers of ten, notable integers, prime and cardinal numbers, and the myriad system.
The table below lists the largest currently known prime numbers and probable primes (PRPs) as tracked by the PrimePages and by Henri & Renaud Lifchitz's PRP Records. Numbers with more than 2,000,000 digits are shown.
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p = 2 k ± 1 or p = 4 k ± 3 for some natural number k. (OEIS: A122834) 2 p − 1 is prime (a Mersenne prime). (OEIS: A000043) (2 p + 1)/3 is prime (a Wagstaff prime). (OEIS: A000978) If p is an odd composite number, then 2 p − 1 and (2 p + 1)/3 are both composite. Therefore it is only necessary to test primes to verify the truth of the ...