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Capital punishment in France (French: peine de mort en France) is banned by Article 66-1 of the Constitution of the French Republic, voted as a constitutional amendment by the Congress of the French Parliament on 19 February 2007 and simply stating "No one can be sentenced to the death penalty" (French: Nul ne peut être condamné à la peine de mort).
Capital Punishment was abolished for political crimes in 1852, civil crimes in 1867 and war crimes in 1911. [372] In 1916, capital punishment was reinstated only for military offenses that occurred in a war against a foreign country and in the theater of war. [373] Capital punishment was completely abolished again in 1976. [374] Romania: 1989 ...
Capital punishment is retained in law by 55 UN member states or observer states, with 140 having abolished it in law or in practice.The most recent legal executions performed by nations and other entities with criminal law jurisdiction over the people present within its boundaries are listed below.
France has a dual system of law: ... followed by abolition in 1790. [32] ... capital punishment was the most severe penalty, ...
In 2012, Latvia became the last EU member state to abolish capital punishment in wartime. [1] In Russia, capital punishment has been indefinitely suspended (under moratorium) since 1996. [2] [3] Except for Belarus, which, most recently, carried out one execution in 2022, [4] the last execution in a European country occurred in Ukraine in 1997.
On 9 October the law was officially enacted, ending capital punishment in France. [22] During his mandate, he also helped abolish "juridictions d'exception " ("special courts"), such as the Cour de Sûreté de l'État ("State Security Court ") and the military courts, [23] and improved the rights of victims of crime. [23]
He succeeded his wife's uncle, André Obrecht, in 1976 and held his position until 1981, when capital punishment was abolished under president François Mitterrand and justice minister Robert Badinter. [2] The method of application of the death penalty for civilian capital offences in France from 1791 to 1981 was beheading with the guillotine.
The first modern abolition of capital punishment was in Tuscany in 1786. [citation needed] In Europe, the 19th and early 20th centuries saw a shift away from the spectacle of public capital punishment and toward private executions and the deprivation of liberty (e.g. incarceration, probation, community service, etc.). [25]