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The phenomenon of Indo-European ablaut was first recorded by Sanskrit grammarians in the later Vedic period (roughly 8th century BCE), and was codified by Pāṇini in his Aṣṭādhyāyī (4th century BCE), where the terms guṇa and vṛddhi were used to describe the phenomena now known respectively as the full grade and lengthened grade.
In later Greek, the two vowels form a diphthong (synaeresis). The word comes from εὖ "well", [4] the adverbial use of the neuter accusative singular of the adjective ἐύς "good". [5] The form with diaeresis is the original form, since the word comes from Proto-Indo-European *esu (e-grade of ablaut), which is cognate with Sanskrit su-(zero ...
The difference in the vowels results from the alternation (in the Proto-Indo-European language) of the vowel e with the vowel o or with no vowel. To cite a few other examples of Indo-European ablaut, English has a certain class of verbs , called strong verbs , in which the vowel changes to indicate a different grammatical tense - aspect .
When two of the same sonorant or *s appeared in sequence and were preceded by a vowel, one of the two was deleted. Additionally, if the sequence was word-final, the preceding vowel received compensatory lengthening. *h₁és-si 'thou art' > *h₁ési > Sanskrit asi, Proto-Slavic *esi. *ném-mn̥ 'gift' > *némn̥ > Old Irish neim.
In phonetics and phonology, an intervocalic consonant is a consonant that occurs between two vowels. [1]: 158 Intervocalic consonants are often associated with lenition, a phonetic process that causes consonants to weaken and eventually disappear entirely.
between consonants (short vowel); 2. word initial before a consonant (short vowel); 3. combined with a liquid or nasal consonant [r, l, m, n] (long vowel). 1 Between consonants Latin displays a and Sanskrit i, whereas Greek displays e, a, or o. 2 Word initial before a consonant Greek alone displays e, a, or o. 3 Combined with a liquid or nasal
Reading by using phonics is often referred to as decoding words, sounding-out words or using print-to-sound relationships.Since phonics focuses on the sounds and letters within words (i.e. sublexical), [13] it is often contrasted with whole language (a word-level-up philosophy for teaching reading) and a compromise approach called balanced literacy (the attempt to combine whole language and ...
In Greek synaeresis, two vowels merge to form a long version of one of the two vowels (e.g. e + a → ā), a diphthong with a different main vowel (e.g. a + ei → āi), or a new vowel intermediate between the originals (e.g. a + o → ō). Contraction of e + o or o + e leads to ou, and e + e to ei, which are in this case spurious diphthongs.