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Murine typhus, also known as endemic typhus or flea-borne typhus, is a form of typhus transmitted by fleas (Xenopsylla cheopis), usually on rats, in contrast to epidemic typhus which is usually transmitted by lice. [1] [2] [3] Murine typhus is an under-recognized entity, as it is often confused with viral illnesses. Most people who are infected ...
The diseases are caused by specific types of bacterial infection. [1] Epidemic typhus is caused by Rickettsia prowazekii spread by body lice, scrub typhus is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi spread by chiggers, and murine typhus is caused by Rickettsia typhi spread by fleas. [1] Vaccines have been developed, but none are commercially available.
[8] [9] [10] The microorganism is concentrated in warmer climate and coastal ports where there is an abundance of rats and their fleas, which are the preferred hosts for the pathogen. [8] [9] R. typhi is transmitted between competent flea and mammalian hosts through flea bites and contact with infected feces and tissues. [8] [11]
Murine typhus, a rare infection (20-100 cases a year in the U.S.) caused by the bacterium Rickettsia typhi and transmitted by the feces of cat or rat fleas coming in contact with a break in the ...
A flea's mouth has two functions: one for squirting saliva or partly digested blood into the bite, and one for sucking up blood from the host. This process mechanically transmits pathogens that may cause diseases it might carry. Fleas smell exhaled carbon dioxide from humans and animals and jump rapidly to the source to feed on the newly found ...
ICD-10 is the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), a medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO). It contains codes for diseases, signs and symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances, and external causes of injury or diseases. [1]
There were more than 640,000 cases of these diseases reported during the 13 years analyzed by the CDC. CDC: US Illnesses from mosquitoes, ticks, fleas tripled in the last 13 years as temperatures rise
Cat-scratch disease has a worldwide distribution, but it is a nonreportable disease in humans, so public health data on this disease are inadequate. [22] Geographical location, present season, and variables associated with cats (such as exposure and degree of flea infestation) all play a factor in the prevalence of CSD within a population. [23]