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Murine typhus, also known as endemic typhus or flea-borne typhus, is a form of typhus transmitted by fleas (Xenopsylla cheopis), usually on rats, in contrast to epidemic typhus which is usually transmitted by lice. [1] [2] [3] Murine typhus is an under-recognized entity, as it is often confused with viral illnesses. Most people who are infected ...
The diseases are caused by specific types of bacterial infection. [1] Epidemic typhus is caused by Rickettsia prowazekii spread by body lice, scrub typhus is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi spread by chiggers, and murine typhus is caused by Rickettsia typhi spread by fleas. [1] Vaccines have been developed, but none are commercially available.
It may also be transmitted by fleas (for a total of about 200 cases a year in the U.S.), and may have the above symptoms as well as mouth ulcers, pneumonia, other symptoms.
A flea's mouth has two functions: one for squirting saliva or partly digested blood into the bite, and one for sucking up blood from the host. This process mechanically transmits pathogens that may cause diseases it might carry. Fleas smell exhaled carbon dioxide from humans and animals and jump rapidly to the source to feed on the newly found ...
There were more than 640,000 cases of these diseases reported during the 13 years analyzed by the CDC. CDC: US Illnesses from mosquitoes, ticks, fleas tripled in the last 13 years as temperatures rise
Cat-scratch disease has a worldwide distribution, but it is a nonreportable disease in humans, so public health data on this disease are inadequate. [22] Geographical location, present season, and variables associated with cats (such as exposure and degree of flea infestation ) all play a factor in the prevalence of CSD within a population. [ 23 ]
The ICD-10 Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) is a set of diagnosis codes used in the United States of America. [1] It was developed by a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human services, [ 2 ] as an adaption of the ICD-10 with authorization from the World Health Organization .
ICD-10 is the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), a medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO). It contains codes for diseases, signs and symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances, and external causes of injury or diseases. [1]