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Hairy cell leukemia is an uncommon hematological malignancy characterized by an accumulation of abnormal B lymphocytes. [1] The incidence of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is 0.28-0.30 cases per 100,000 people in Europe and the United States and the prevalence is 3 cases per 100,000 in Europe with a lower prevalence in Asia, Africa and the Middle East.
Conventionally, a leukocytosis exceeding 50,000 WBC/mm 3 with a significant increase in early neutrophil precursors is referred to as a leukemoid reaction. [2] The peripheral blood smear may show myelocytes, metamyelocytes, promyelocytes, and rarely myeloblasts; however, there is a mixture of early mature neutrophil precursors, in contrast to the immature forms typically seen in acute leukemia.
The characteristic villous lymphocytes will appear in a blood smear of the peripheral blood of patients with this type of lymphoma. These lymphocytes will have an oval nucleus with the “cobblestone” pattern of nuclear chromatin typical of more mature lymphoid cells. The cytoplasmic projections, or villi, are found in a polar distribution.
There are rare cases of: 1) CLL/SLLs that convert into lymphoblastic lymphoma, hairy cell leukemia, or a high grade T cell lymphoma [4] such as anaplastic large-cell lymphoma or angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma; [5] 2) CLL/SLLs that convert into acute myeloid leukemia; [6] 3) CLL/SLLs that convert into or develop non-hematological ...
The myeloid cell line normally produces granulocytes, erythrocytes, thrombocytes, macrophages and mast cells; the lymphoid cell line produces B, T, NK and plasma cells. Lymphomas, lymphocytic leukemias, and myeloma are from the lymphoid line, while acute and chronic myelogenous leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative diseases ...
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia; Other names: B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) [1] Peripheral blood smear showing CLL cells: Specialty: Hematology and oncology: Symptoms: Early: None [2] Later: Non-painful lymph nodes swelling, feeling tired, fever, weight loss, night sweats [2] Usual onset: Older than 50 [3] Risk factors
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