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A load line diagram, illustrating an operating point in the transistor's active region.. Biasing is the setting of the DC operating point of an electronic component. For bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), the operating point is defined as the steady-state DC collector-emitter voltage and the collector current with no input signal applied.
Band-bending diagram for p–n diode in forward bias. Diffusion drives carriers across the junction. Quasi-Fermi levels and carrier densities in forward biased p–n-diode. The figure assumes recombination is confined to the regions where majority carrier concentration is near the bulk values, which is not accurate when recombination-generation ...
PN junction operation in forward-bias mode, showing reducing depletion width. In forward bias, the p-type is connected with a positive electrical terminal and the n-type is connected with a negative terminal. The panels show energy band diagram, electric field, and net charge density. The built-in potential of the semiconductor varies ...
In this mode, electrons are injected from the forward biased n-type emitter region into the p-type base where they diffuse as minority carriers to the reverse-biased n-type collector and are swept away by the electric field in the reverse-biased collector–base junction. For an illustration of forward and reverse bias, see semiconductor diodes.
Current–voltage characteristic of a p–n junction diode showing three regions: breakdown, reverse biased, forward biased. The exponential's "knee" is at V d. The leveling off region which occurs at larger forward currents is not shown. A diode's current–voltage characteristic can be approximated by four operating regions. From lower to ...
A graphical representation of the current and voltage properties of a transistor; the bias is selected so that the operating point permits maximum signal amplitude without distortion. In electronics, biasing is the setting of DC (direct current) operating conditions (current and voltage) of an electronic component that processes time-varying ...
In every case the arrow head shows the polarity of the P–N junction formed between the channel and the gate. As with an ordinary diode, the arrow points from P to N, the direction of conventional current when forward-biased. An English mnemonic is that the arrow of an N-channel device "points in".
When forward biased, the ideal diode is simply a short circuit and when reverse biased, an open circuit. If the anode of the diode is connected to 0 V, the voltage at the cathode will be at Vt and so the potential at the cathode will be greater than the potential at the anode and the diode will be reverse biased.