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Genome editing is a method that lets scientists change the DNA of many organisms, including plants, bacteria, and animals. Editing DNA can lead to changes in physical traits, like eye color, and disease risk. Scientists use different technologies to do this.
Here we review key principles of genome editing, emphasizing many of the engineering advances that have laid the groundwork for the creation, refinement, and implementation of the current suite of genome-modifying tools.
Genome editing, or genome engineering, or gene editing, is a type of genetic engineering in which DNA is inserted, deleted, modified or replaced in the genome of a living organism. Unlike early genetic engineering techniques that randomly inserts genetic material into a host genome, genome editing targets the insertions to site-specific locations.
Genome editing has been a transformative force in the life sciences and human medicine, offering unprecedented opportunities to dissect complex biological processes and treat the underlying causes of many genetic diseases.
Recent discovery and adaptation of the microbial immune system CRISPR for programmable nucleic acid targeting 1 has enabled researchers to edit variants with remarkable ease, producing new ...
The advent of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) genome editing, coupled with advances in computing and imaging capabilities, has initiated a new era in which genetic diseases and individual disease susceptibilities are both predictable and actionable.
The CRISPR gene-editing technology, as we know it today, is composed of an endonuclease protein whose DNA-targeting specificity and cutting activity can be programmed by a short guide RNA.