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Lithium peroxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Li 2 O 2. Lithium peroxide is a white solid, and unlike most other alkali metal peroxides, it is nonhygroscopic. Because of its high oxygen:mass and oxygen:volume ratios, the solid has been used to remove CO 2 from and release O 2 to the atmosphere in spacecraft. [4]
Some peroxide salts release oxygen upon reaction with carbon dioxide. This reaction is used in generation of oxygen from exhaled carbon dioxide on submarines and spaceships. Sodium or lithium peroxides are preferred in space applications because of their lower molar mass and therefore higher oxygen yield per unit weight. [3]
Burning lithium metal produces lithium oxide. Lithium oxide forms along with small amounts of lithium peroxide when lithium metal is burned in the air and combines with oxygen at temperatures above 100 °C: [3] 4Li + O 2 → 2 Li 2 O. Pure Li 2 O can be produced by the thermal decomposition of lithium peroxide, Li 2 O 2, at 450 °C [3] [2] 2 Li ...
Lithium hydroxide is used in breathing gas purification systems for spacecraft, submarines, and rebreathers to remove carbon dioxide from exhaled gas by producing lithium carbonate and water: [15] 2 LiOH·H2O + CO2 → Li2CO3 + 3 H2O. or. 2 LiOH + CO2 → Li2CO3 + H2O. The latter, anhydrous hydroxide, is preferred for its lower mass and lesser ...
40.104 MJ/kg (11,140 Wh/kg) theoretical. Energy density. J / m³. Specific power. 11,400 W / kg. Nominal cell voltage. 2.91 V. The lithium–air battery (Li–air) is a metal–air electrochemical cell or battery chemistry that uses oxidation of lithium at the anode and reduction of oxygen at the cathode to induce a current flow.
Infobox references. Lithium superoxide is an unstable inorganic salt with formula Li O 2. A radical compound, it can be produced at low temperature in matrix isolation experiments, or in certain nonpolar, non-protic solvents. Lithium superoxide is also a transient species during the reduction of oxygen in a lithium–air galvanic cell, and ...
Peroxide. In chemistry, peroxides are a group of compounds with the structure R−O−O−R, where the R's represent a radical (a portion of a complete molecule; not necessarily a free radical [1]) and O's are single oxygen atoms. [2][3] Oxygen atoms are joined to each other and to adjacent elements through single covalent bonds, denoted by ...
The highest specific impulse chemical rockets use liquid propellants (liquid-propellant rockets). They can consist of a single chemical (a monopropellant) or a mix of two chemicals, called bipropellants. Bipropellants can further be divided into two categories; hypergolic propellants, which ignite when the fuel and oxidizer make contact, and ...