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A clover with a dewdrop in the middle Colorful flowers of clovers beside Zarivar Lake in Iran Lesser hop trefoil Owl-head clover White clover. Clover was first domesticated in Spain in around the year 1000. During European urbanization, crop rotations involving clover became essential for replacing the fixed nitrogen exported to cities as food. [4]
Trifolium repens, the white clover, is a herbaceous perennial plant in the bean family Fabaceae (otherwise known as Leguminosae). It is native to Europe, including the British Isles, [2] and central Asia and is one of the most widely cultivated types of clover.
Trifolium pratense (from Latin prātum, meaning meadow), red clover, [2] [3] is a herbaceous species of flowering plant in the bean family, Fabaceae. It is native to the Old World, but planted and naturalised in many other regions.
Trifolium incarnatum, known as crimson clover [2] or Italian clover, is a species of herbaceous flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to most of Europe. It has been introduced to other areas, including the United States and Japan. This upright annual herb grows to 20–50 cm (8-20") tall, unbranched or branched only at the base.
Trifolium arvense, commonly known as the hare's-foot clover, [1] rabbitfoot clover, [2] stone clover or oldfield clover, is a flowering plant in the bean family Fabaceae. This species of clover is native to most of Europe , excluding the Arctic zone, and western Asia , in plain or mid-mountain habitats up to 1,600 metres (5,200 ft) altitude.
Trifolium occidentale is a "self-compatible, diploid, stoloniferous" perennial herb, [2] [3] found only within 100 metres of the coast, in western Europe. It inhabits sandy dunes, [4] including dune and dry short coastal grasslands and sea cliffs, especially around rock outcrops. [5]
Alsike clover is native to much of southern Europe and southwestern Asia, especially in mountainous regions. It is widely cultivated and used as a forage crop and for this purpose the subspecies T. h. hybridum is used and this has become naturalised further north in Europe and in other parts of the world. Its natural habitat is fields, meadows ...
Trifolium vesiculosum, the arrowleaf clover, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. [2] It is native to southeastern and eastern Europe, the northern Caucasus, Turkey, Syria, and Lebanon, and has been introduced to other locales, including the United States and Australia. [ 1 ]