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Ijtihad is considered to be a religious duty for those qualified to perform it. [3] An Islamic scholar who is qualified to perform ijtihad is called a "mujtahid". [2] [5] For first five centuries of Islam, the practice of ijtihad continued in theory and practice among Sunni Muslims. It then first became subject to dispute in the 12th century. [6]
Ahl al-Hadith (Arabic: أَهْل الحَدِيث, romanized: Ahl al-Ḥadīth, lit. 'people of hadith') is an Islamic school of Sunni Islam that emerged during the 2nd and 3rd Islamic centuries of the Islamic era (late 8th and 9th century CE) as a movement of hadith scholars who considered the Quran and authentic hadith to be the only authority in matters of law and creed. [1]
Hadith [b] is the Arabic word for 'things' like a 'report' or an 'account [of an event]' [3] [4] [5]: 471 and refers to the Islamic oral anecdotes containing the purported words, actions, and the silent approvals of the Islamic prophet Muhammad or his immediate circle (companions in Sunni Islam, [6] [7] Ahl al-Bayt in Shiite Islam).
Another segment focuses on grading Hadith and the concept of al-jarh wa al-ta'dīl (narrator criticism and appraisal), addressing crucial points and underscoring that the classification of a Hadith as authentic or weak is a matter of ijtihad, thereby allowing for valid differences of opinion. [3]
A Mujtahid Muqayyad must pass rulings according to the confines of his particular madhhab (school of jurisprudence), or particular area of specialization. [6] This is according to the view that ijtihad or the ability of legal deduction can be achieved in specified areas, and does not require a holistic grasp of the Shariah and its entailing ...
Recommended precaution (Arabic: احتياط مستحب, romanized: Ihtiyat Mustahabb) is a fiqh term, prominently used by Shi'a marjas when giving fatwas. Ihtiyat is an action in such a way that includes certain knowledge to original Taklif.
Hadith terminology (Arabic: مصطلح الحديث, romanized: muṣṭalaḥu l-ḥadīth) is the body of terminology in Islam which specifies the acceptability of the sayings attributed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad by other early Islamic figures of significance such as the companions and followers/successors.
If there is no derivation involved due to the explicitness of the ruling in the Quran and prophetic tradition, then such a person is not, by definition, a mujtahid. In order for Qiyas to be used in Islamic law, three things are necessary. First, there must be a new case for which the Quran and Sunnah of the Prophet do not provide a clear ruling.