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S-Ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC) is a selective herbicide used for pre-emergent control of certain grasses and broadleaf weeds in Australia and the United States. [3] [4] It was introduced in 1957. [5] EPTC can be applied pre-emergently or post-emergently and its effectiveness does not depend on post-application rainfall.
As a herbicide, it was introduced in 1962, [2] and it quickly became the fourth most used herbicide in the US, with 28.5 million pounds (12.9 thousand tonnes) used in 1974. [4] Its use has declined significantly, to 15 million pounds (6.8 thousand tonnes) in 1991 to 950 thousand pounds (430 tonnes) by 1998.
Nufarm is listed on the Australian Stock Exchange (symbol NUF) and its head office is located at Laverton in Melbourne. [2] As at close on Friday 4 October 2019, its ordinary share capital was valued at AUD$6.49, implying a market capitalisation of AUD$2.45 billion.
By far the most frequently used products are formulations for mixing with water then applying as sprays. Water miscible, older formulations include: EC Emulsifiable concentrate; WP Wettable powder; SL Soluble (liquid) concentrate; SP Soluble powder; Newer, non-powdery formulations with reduced or no use of hazardous solvents and improved ...
The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee (HRAC) classifies herbicides by their mode of action (MoA) to provide a uniform way for farmers and growers to identify the agents they use and better manage pesticide resistance around the world. [1] [2] It is run by CropLife International [3] in conjunction with the Weed Science Society of America ...
[32] [33] Paraquat is a Group L (Aus), D (global), 22 (numeric) resistance class herbicide, which it shares with diquat and cyperquat. [34] One example is the "double knock" system used in Australia. [35] Before planting a crop, weeds are sprayed with glyphosate first, then followed seven to ten days later by a paraquat herbicide.
Glyphosate has four ionizable sites, with pKa values of 2.0, 2.6, 5.6 and 10.6. [83] Therefore, it is a zwitterion in aqueous solutions and is expected to exist almost entirely in zwitterionic forms in the environment. Zwitterions generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts. [84]
Dinitro-ortho-cresol (DNOC) is an organic compound with the structural formula CH 3 C 6 H 2 (NO 2) 2 OH. It is a yellow solid that is only slightly soluble in water. It is extremely toxic to humans and was previously used as a herbicide and insecticide.