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Avoidant personality disorder (AvPD), or anxious personality disorder, is a cluster C personality disorder characterized by excessive social anxiety and inhibition, fear of intimacy (despite an intense desire for it), severe feelings of inadequacy and inferiority, and an overreliance on avoidance of feared stimuli (e.g., self-imposed social isolation) as a maladaptive coping method. [1]
Avoidance coping is measured via a self-reported questionnaire. Initially, the Multidimensional Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire (MEAQ) was used, which is a 62-item questionnaire that assesses experiential avoidance, and thus avoidance coping, by measuring how many avoidant behaviors a person exhibits and how strongly they agree with each statement on a scale of 1–6. [1]
Two examples of assessments developed to measure safety behaviors performed by people with social anxiety are the Social Behavior Questionnaire and the Subtle Avoidance Frequency Examination. [ 2 ] [ 27 ] An assessment developed to measure safety behaviors performed by people with panic disorder is the Texas Safety Maneuver Scale.
Reports engaging in problematic behaviors at home and at school (e.g., problems with the law, running away from home, school suspensions) JCP: Juvenile Conduct Problems: Difficulties at school and at home, stealing: SUB: Substance Abuse: Endorses behaviors related to problematic drug and alcohol use and abuse: NPI: Negative Peer Influence
For example, autistic social psychologists Damian Milton and Devon Price have suggested the behavior should not be considered pathological. They view PDA as an example of individual autonomy or self-advocacy. [32] Alternative names like rational demand avoidance (RDA) [33] or pervasive drive for autonomy [34] [35] have been proposed and used.
Distress is an inextricable part of life; therefore, avoidance is often only a temporary solution. Avoidance reinforces the notion that discomfort, distress and anxiety are bad, or dangerous. Sustaining avoidance often requires effort and energy. Avoidance limits one's focus at the expense of fully experiencing what is going on in the present.
Learning appropriate non-avoidant ways to deal with the fear stimuli also decreases Skinnerian avoidance behavior and prepares the way for mood change. In the beginning of therapy, it should be remembered that the chronic mood associated with trauma or psychological insults may involve stimulus events that remain tacit knowledge (out of ...
The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., an addictive substance, a medication) or another medical condition. The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder, such as panic disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, or autism spectrum disorder.