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Structural failure — support piers collapsed 7 killed, 0 injured Complete failure of two spans on I-5 Due to extreme rainfall, the Arroyo Pasajero experienced high volumes of water at high speed. This caused scouring of the river bed undermining the support piers of both spans. Elhovo bridge over the Tundzha river [43] Elhovo, Yambol Province
Completed falsework: Decking and some formwork has been added. The illustrations are of modern pipe-column falsework, used to support the formwork for a post-tensioned reinforced concrete flyover connector for the eastern span replacement of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge. When the supports are complete, wood beams and plywood or reusable ...
Fifty-one people were killed in these failures, leading in the UK to the formation of the Merrison Committee [4] and considerable investment in new research into steel box girder behaviour. Most of the bridges still under construction at this time were delayed for investigation of the basic design principle.
Since the wooden or metal form that supported the casting of the concrete was elevated, the forms were supported on falsework, in this case using vertical pipe sections, steel beams, and diagonal cables. A wooden deck was then erected atop the falsework to support the lowest forming surface.
Formwork for beams takes the form of a box that is supported and propped in the correct position and level. The removal time for the formwork will vary with air temperature, humidity and consequent curing rate. Typical striking times are as follows (using air temperature of 7-16 °C): Form work. Beam sides: 9–12 hours. Beam soffits: 8–14 days.
This is a list of structural failures and collapses of buildings and other structures including bridges, dams, and radio masts/towers. This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness.
[3] [5] BS 5975 required appointment of a falsework co-ordinator on sites required to allocate design responsibility and ensure that a design was checked. [6] Since the adoption of the standard there have been no large-scale failures of falsework systems in the UK. [7]
Infrastructure includes the basic physical and organizational structures needed for the operation of a society or enterprise, [1] or the services and facilities necessary for an economy to function.