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One in 10 patients with Plummer-Vinson syndrome will eventually develop squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus, [4] but it is unclear if esophageal webs in and of themselves are a risk factor. Esophageal webs are associated with bullous diseases (such as epidermolysis bullosa , pemphigus , and bullous pemphigoid ), with graft versus host ...
The esophageal hiatus is an oval opening [1] in (sources differ) the right crus of the diaphragm [1] /left crus of the diaphragm, with fibres of the right crus looping around the hiatus to form a sling (upon inspiration, this sling would constrict the esophagus, forming a functional (not anatomical) sphincter that prevents gastric contents from refluxing up the esophagus when intra-abdominal ...
The pharynx is a part of the conducting zone of the respiratory system and also a part of the digestive system. It is the part of the throat immediately behind the nasal cavity at the back of the mouth and above the esophagus and larynx. The pharynx is made up of three parts. The lower two parts—the oropharynx and the laryngopharynx are ...
In the oesophagus, pharynx and external anal canal the epithelium is stratified, squamous and non-keratinising, for protective purposes. In the stomach, the epithelium is simple columnar, and is organised into gastric pits and glands to deal with secretion. [1] In the small intestine, epithelium is simple columnar and specialised for absorption.
The pharynx (pl.: pharynges) is the part of the throat behind the mouth and nasal cavity, and above the esophagus and trachea (the tubes going down to the stomach and the lungs respectively). It is found in vertebrates and invertebrates, though its structure varies across species. The pharynx carries food to the esophagus and air to the larynx.
Upper and lower human gastrointestinal tract. The esophagus (American English), oesophagus (British English), or œsophagus (archaic spelling) (see spelling difference) all / iː ˈ s ɒ f ə ɡ ə s, ɪ-/; [1] pl.: ((o)e)(œ)sophagi or ((o)e)(œ)sophaguses), colloquially known also as the food pipe, food tube, or gullet, is an organ in vertebrates through which food passes, aided by ...
In humans the glands are known as the esophageal submucosal glands and are a part of the human digestive system. [1] They are a small compound racemose exocrine glands of the mucous type. [citation needed] There are two types: Esophageal submucosal glands are compound tubulo-alveolar glands. Some serous cells are present.
Different regions of the gut tube are initiated by retinoic acid (RA) from the pharynx to the colon. This RA causes transcription factors to be expressed in different regions of the gut tube. Thus, SOX2 specifies the esophagus and stomach; PDX1 specifies the duodenum; CDXC specifies the small intestine; CDXA specifies the large intestine and ...