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Hex signs are a form of Pennsylvania Dutch folk art, related to fraktur, found in the Fancy Dutch tradition in Pennsylvania Dutch Country. [1] Barn paintings, usually in the form of "stars in circles", began to appear on the landscape in the early 19th century and became widespread decades later when commercial ready-mixed paint became readily ...
Fraktur is a highly artistic and elaborate illuminated folk art created by the Pennsylvania Dutch, named after the Fraktur script associated with it. Place of creation also includes Alsace, Switzerland, and Rhineland which are also contributed to the folk art. [1]
It frequently appears in Pennsylvania Dutch folk art. [2] It represents happiness and good fortune and the Pennsylvania German people, and is a common theme in hex signs and in fraktur. The word distelfink (literally 'thistle-finch') is (besides Stieglitz) the German name for the European goldfinch. [3]
Yoder, Don and Graves, Thomas E. (2000) Hex Signs: Pennsylvania Dutch Barn Symbols & Their Meanings. New York: E.P. Dutton. ISBN 978-0-525-24466-0. OCLC 19824543. Yoder, Don (2003). Groundhog Day. Mechanicsburg, Pa.: Stackpole. ISBN 978-0-8117-0029-0. OCLC 52542605; Yoder, Don (2005). The Pennsylvania German broadside: a history and guide ...
Just as Fancy Dutch or their descendants no longer speak the Pennsylvania Dutch language with any regularity (or at all, in many cases), they are not necessarily religious anymore, meaning that calling them "Church Dutch" is no longer particularly apt, although even among those that no longer regularly attend any church, many remain cultural ...
Some hex signs incorporate star shapes, while others may take the form of a rosette or contain pictures of birds and other animals. [ 7 ] The term barnstar has been applied to star-shaped anchor plates that are used for structural reinforcement, particularly on masonry buildings from the 18th and 19th centuries.
The birds, tulips, hearts, etc., found on contemporary hex signs were first painted when painters started painting on rounds of plywood rather than directly up on the barns. See: Yoder, Don, and Thomas E. Graves. Hex Signs: Pennsylvania Dutch Barn Symbols and Their Meaning, Second Edition, Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole, 1999. Graves, Thomas E.
Barnstar, a decorative painted object or image often used to adorn a barn; Brunswick star, an eight- or sixteen-pointed star surrounding the British Royal Cypher, used on police badges; Hex sign, a form of Pennsylvania Dutch folk art; Mullet (heraldry), unconventional shapes of stars on coats-of-arms; Nautical star, a popular tattoo design