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  2. Transformation optics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformation_optics

    Transformation optics is the foundation for exploring a diverse set of theoretical, numerical, and experimental developments, involving the perspectives of the physics and engineering communities. The multi-disciplinary perspectives for inquiry and designing of materials develop understanding of their behaviors, properties, and potential ...

  3. Diffusion metamaterial - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion_metamaterial

    Using transformation theory, he introduced the concept of thermal cloaking. [7] In 2013, the application of metamaterials was further extended to particle diffusion systems, with the first proposal of particle diffusion cloaking under low diffusivity conditions. [ 8 ]

  4. Arnold invariants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_invariants

    The + and invariants keep track of how curves change under these transformations and deformations. The + invariant increases by 2 when a direct self-tangency move creates new self-intersection points (and decreases by 2 when such points are eliminated), while decreases by 2 when an inverse self-tangency move creates new intersections (and increases by 2 when they are eliminated).

  5. Photonic metamaterial - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photonic_metamaterial

    Potential applications include cloaking and transformation optics. [10] Photonic crystals differ from PM in that the size and periodicity of their scattering elements are larger, on the order of the wavelength. Also, a photonic crystal is not homogeneous, so it is not possible to define values of ε (permittivity) or u (permeability). [11]

  6. Glossary of general topology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_general_topology

    Absolutely closed See H-closed Accessible See . Accumulation point See limit point. Alexandrov topology The topology of a space X is an Alexandrov topology (or is finitely generated) if arbitrary intersections of open sets in X are open, or equivalently, if arbitrary unions of closed sets are closed, or, again equivalently, if the open sets are the upper sets of a poset.

  7. Meep (software) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meep_(software)

    The package was subsequently expanded to include an adjoint solver for topology optimization and inverse design, [3] and a Python interface. [4] The software is widely adopted by optics and photonics communities, [5] with applications including the analysis and design of metalenses [6] [7] and photonic crystals. [8] [9]

  8. One Two Three... Infinity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_Two_Three..._Infinity

    Part II opens with "unusual properties of space" and touches on "transformation of coordinates" and polar coordinates before taking up topology. Euler's polyhedral formula for polyhedrons projected onto a sphere is illustrated and proven. Modification of the formula for the doughnut and other holed surfaces is mentioned.

  9. Fabry–Pérot interferometer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabry–Pérot_interferometer

    In optics, a Fabry–Pérot interferometer (FPI) or etalon is an optical cavity made from two parallel reflecting surfaces (i.e.: thin mirrors). Optical waves can pass through the optical cavity only when they are in resonance with it. It is named after Charles Fabry and Alfred Perot, who developed the instrument in 1899.