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Zinc sulfide is usually produced from waste materials from other applications. Typical sources include smelter, slag, and pickle liquors. [5] As an example, the synthesis of ammonia from methane requires a priori removal of hydrogen sulfide impurities in the natural gas, for which zinc oxide is used. This scavenging produces zinc sulfide:
Sphalerite is a sulfide mineral with the chemical formula (Zn, Fe)S. [5] It is the most important ore of zinc.Sphalerite is found in a variety of deposit types, but it is primarily in sedimentary exhalative, Mississippi-Valley type, and volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits.
Approximately 90% of zinc in concentrates are oxidized to zinc oxide. However, at the roasting temperatures around 10% of the zinc reacts with the iron impurities of the zinc sulfide concentrates to form zinc ferrite. A byproduct of roasting is sulfur dioxide, which is further processed into sulfuric acid, a commodity. [2]
Sphalerite, which is a form of zinc sulfide, is the most heavily mined zinc-containing ore because its concentrate contains 60–62% zinc. [34] Other source minerals for zinc include smithsonite (zinc carbonate), hemimorphite (zinc silicate), wurtzite (another zinc sulfide), and sometimes hydrozincite (basic zinc carbonate). [36]
Zinc sulfide is used for lenses and other optical devices in the infrared part of the spectrum. ZnS-doped with silver is used in alpha detectors while zinc sulfide with traces of copper has applications in photoluminescent strips for emergency lighting and luminous watch dials. 1850: 1314-98-3: C 6 H 4 S: Polyphenylene sulfide is a polymer ...
Zinc oxide, ZnO, is the most important manufactured compound of zinc, with a wide variety of uses. [2] It crystallizes with the Wurtzite structure. It is amphoteric, dissolving in acids to give the aqueous Zn 2+ ion and in alkali to give the zincate (a.k.a. tetrahydroxozincate) ion, [Zn(OH) 4] 2−. Zinc hydroxide, Zn(OH) 2 is also amphoteric.
Copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) is a quaternary semiconducting compound which has received increasing interest since the late 2000s for applications in thin film solar cells. The class of related materials includes other I 2 -II-IV-VI 4 such as copper zinc tin selenide (CZTSe) and the sulfur-selenium alloy CZTSSe.
World-wide distribution of MVT deposits (red), clastic sediment-hosted (green), and unclassified (blue) lead-zinc deposits. Source: USGS. Carbonate-hosted lead-zinc ore deposits are important and highly valuable concentrations of lead and zinc sulfide ores hosted within carbonate (limestone, marl, dolomite) formations and which share a common genetic origin.