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  2. Alcohol oxidation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol_oxidation

    Alcohol oxidation is a collection of oxidation reactions in organic chemistry that convert alcohols to aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and esters. The reaction mainly applies to primary and secondary alcohols. Secondary alcohols form ketones, while primary alcohols form aldehydes or carboxylic acids. [1] A variety of oxidants can be used.

  3. Ethyl sulfate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethyl_sulfate

    The sulfuric acid must be added dropwise or the reaction must be actively cooled because the reaction itself is highly exothermic. CH 3 CH 2 OH + H 2 SO 4 → CH 3 CH 2 OSO 3 H + H 2 O. If the temperature exceeds 140 °C, the ethyl sulfate product tends to react with residual ethanol starting material, producing diethyl ether.

  4. Molisch's test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molisch's_test

    Molisch test (using α-napthol) indicating a positive result (see purple ring). Molisch's test is a sensitive chemical test, named after Austrian botanist Hans Molisch, for the presence of carbohydrates, based on the dehydration of the carbohydrate by sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid to produce an aldehyde, which condenses with two molecules of a phenol (usually α-naphthol, though other ...

  5. Ethanol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethanol

    Ethanol (also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, or simply alcohol) is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH 3 CH 2 OH. It is an alcohol, with its formula also written as C 2 H 5 OH, C 2 H 6 O or EtOH, where Et stands for ethyl. Ethanol is a volatile, flammable, colorless liquid with a characteristic wine-like ...

  6. Carbon snake - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_snake

    The granularity of the sugar can greatly affect the reaction: powdered sugar reacts very quickly but sugar cubes take longer to react. [ 2 ] When sucrose is dehydrated, heat is given out to the surroundings in an exothermic reaction , while graphite and liquid water are produced by the decomposition of the sugar: [ 3 ]

  7. Lucas' reagent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucas'_reagent

    Lucas test: negative (left) with ethanol and positive with t-butanol "Lucas' reagent" is a solution of anhydrous zinc chloride in concentrated hydrochloric acid. This solution is used to classify alcohols of low molecular weight. The reaction is a substitution in which the chloride replaces a hydroxyl group.

  8. Schmidt reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmidt_reaction

    The scope of this reaction has been extended to reactions of carbonyls with alkyl azides R-N 3.This extension was first reported by J.H. Boyer in 1955 [9] (hence the name Boyer reaction), for example, the reaction of 3-nitrobenzaldehyde with β-azido ethanol:

  9. Benzoin condensation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzoin_condensation

    The reaction is catalyzed by nucleophiles such as a cyanide or an N-heterocyclic carbene (usually thiazolium salts). The reaction mechanism was proposed in 1903 by A. J. Lapworth . [ 7 ] In the first step in this reaction, the cyanide anion (as sodium cyanide ) reacts with the aldehyde in a nucleophilic addition .