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A geologic hazard or geohazard is an adverse geologic condition capable of causing widespread damage or loss of property and life. [1] These hazards are geological and environmental conditions and involve long-term or short-term geological processes.
Debris flows can be more frequent following forest and brush fires, as experience in southern California demonstrates. They pose a significant hazard in many steep, mountainous areas, and have received particular attention in Japan, China, Taiwan, USA, Canada, New Zealand, the Philippines, the European Alps, Russia, and Kazakhstan.
Passive causes include: [23] Rock and soil lithology. Unconsolidated or weak debris are more susceptible to mass wasting, as are materials that lose cohesion when wetted. Stratigraphy, such as thinly bedded rock or alternating beds of weak and strong or impermeable or permiable rock lithologies. Faults or other geologic structures that weaken ...
The California Geological Survey, a state Conservation Department division, studies the potential for post-fire debris flows and creates maps and reports that the state Office of Emergency ...
This category is a loose grouping of natural hazards caused by movements or eruptions of land and secondary movements of water. These are here distinguished from Category:Weather hazards and other natural hazards: Category:Natural hazards.
Influential narrower definitions restrict landslides to slumps and translational slides in rock and regolith, not involving fluidisation. This excludes falls, topples, lateral spreads, and mass flows from the definition. [1] [2] The causes of landslides are usually related to instabilities in slopes.
A volcanic hazard is the probability a volcanic eruption or related geophysical event will occur in a given geographic area and within a specified window of time. The risk that can be associated with a volcanic hazard depends on the proximity and vulnerability of an asset or a population of people near to where a volcanic event might occur.
Hazards have the potential to cause adverse effects only if they come into contact with populations that may be harmed. For this reason, hazard identification includes the development of a conceptual model of exposure. [8] Conceptual models communicate the pathway connecting sources of a given hazard to the potentially exposed population(s).