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The court in many jurisdictions, especially states that as of 2012 prohibited surety bail bondsmen – Oregon, Nebraska, Wisconsin, Illinois, Kentucky and Maine [29] – may demand a certain amount of the total bail (typically 10%) be given to the court, which is known as surety on the bond and unlike with bail bondsmen, is returned if the ...
Money bail is the most common form of bail in the United States and the term "bail" often specifically refers to such a deposit, [50]: 2 but other forms of pre-trial release are permitted; this varies by state. Many states have a "bail schedule" that lists the recommended bail amount for a given criminal charge.
The Bail Reform Act of 1984 was an act passed under the Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984 that created new standards in the criminal justice system for setting pre-trail release and bail to defendants. Many of the goals for the 1984 act were to revise or tie up lose ends left on bail reform from the previously enacted 1966 Bail Reform Act.
This could threaten the entire bail system, and ultimately exposes more people to arbitrary and unnecessary pretrial detention. Bail reports are a crucial component of determining fair bail.
Though other states have tried, Illinois is the first in the nation to eliminate cash bail as a condition of pretrial release for criminal defendants.
Activists argue that cash bail is an unseemly system that unfairly targets minorities. At the same time, the practice is fundamentally American and thus resistant to change.
A bail bondsman, bail bond agent or bond dealer is any person, agency or corporation that will act as a surety and pledge money or property as bail for the appearance of a defendant in court. Bail bond agents are almost exclusively found in the United States because the practice of bail bonding is illegal in most other countries.
The Supreme Court has also permitted "preventive" detention without bail. In United States v. Salerno, 481 U.S. 739 (1987), the Supreme Court held that the only limitation imposed by the Excessive Bail Clause is that "the government's proposed conditions of release or detention not be 'excessive' in light of the perceived evil".