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Hemorrhoids are typically diagnosed by physical examination. [6] A visual examination of the anus and surrounding area may diagnose external or prolapsed hemorrhoids. [8] Visual confirmation of internal hemorrhoids, on the other hand, may require anoscopy, insertion of a hollow tube device with a light attached at one end. [5]
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Hemorrhoids are visible blood vessels from the internal or external venous plexuses of the anus. Haemorrhoids may; cause bleeding after passing a motion; be painful; cause an itch; or prolapse out of the anus. [9] Haemorrhoids are often associated with straining due to constipation, and pregnancy. [9]
PPH uses a circular stapler to reduce the degree of prolapse. The procedure avoids the need for wounds in the sensitive perianal area thus reducing post-operative pain considerably, and facilitates a speedier return to normal activities. This procedure is for internal hemorrhoids only and not for external hemorrhoids or anal fissures. [2] [3] [4]
Anorectal disorders include conditions involving the anorectal junction [1] as seen in the image. They are painful but common conditions like hemorrhoids, tears, fistulas, or abscesses that affect the anal region. [2] [3] Most people experience some form of anorectal disorder during their lifetime. [4]
Rectal bleeding refers to bleeding in the rectum, thus a form of lower gastrointestinal bleeding.There are many causes of rectal hemorrhage, including inflamed hemorrhoids (which are dilated vessels in the perianal fat pads), rectal varices, proctitis (of various causes), stercoral ulcers, and infections.
Hemorrhoids are fed by arteries and drained by veins. The arterial blood supply is based on the superior rectal (hemorrhoidal) artery. Just as veins in the leg weaken and become prominent, hemorrhoidal veins also may become varicose, resulting in internal hemorrhoids or “piles”. Internal hemorrhoids are divided into four grades.
Hemorrhoidal artery embolization (HAE, or hemorrhoid artery embolization) is a non-surgical treatment of internal hemorrhoids. [ 1 ] The procedure involves blocking the abnormal blood flow to the rectal (hemorrhoidal) arteries using microcoils and/or microparticles to decrease the size of the hemorrhoids and improve hemorrhoid related symptoms ...
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