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  2. List of research methods in biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_research_methods...

    Used to detect the presence of a ligand (commonly a protein) in a liquid sample using antibodies directed against the protein to be measure: Biochemistry, Molecular biology: Gene knockout: Used to make one of an organism's genes inoperative ("knocked out" of the organism) Molecular biology, Genetics: Immunostaining

  3. Histology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histology

    In the 19th century histology was an academic discipline in its own right. The French anatomist Xavier Bichat introduced the concept of tissue in anatomy in 1801, [23] and the term "histology" (German: Histologie), coined to denote the "study of tissues", first appeared in a book by Karl Meyer in 1819.

  4. Histopathology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histopathology

    The second method of histology processing is called frozen section processing. This is a highly technical scientific method performed by a trained histoscientist. In this method, the tissue is frozen and sliced thinly using a microtome mounted in a below-freezing refrigeration device called the cryostat. The thin frozen sections are mounted on ...

  5. Stereology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereology

    Stereology is a method that utilizes random, systematic sampling to provide unbiased and quantitative data. It is an important and efficient tool in many applications of microscopy (such as petrography , materials science , and biosciences including histology , bone and neuroanatomy ).

  6. Tissue microarray - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_microarray

    The use of tissue microarrays in combination with immunohistochemistry has been a preferred method to study and validate cancer biomarkers in various defined cancer patient cohorts. The possibility to assemble a large number of representative cancer samples from a defined patient cohort that also has a corresponding clinical database, provides ...

  7. Gross processing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_processing

    Gross examination of a kidney (right of image) with a renal oncocytoma (left of image).. Gross processing, "grossing" or "gross pathology" is the process by which pathology specimens undergo examination with the bare eye to obtain diagnostic information, as well as cutting and tissue sampling in order to prepare material for subsequent microscopic examination.

  8. Automated tissue image analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_tissue_image...

    The United States Food and Drug Administration classifies these systems as medical devices, under the general instrumentation category of automatic test equipment. [6]ATIS have seven basic processes (sample preparation, image acquisition, image analysis, results reporting, data storage, network communication, and self-system diagnostics) and realization of these functions highly accurate ...

  9. Laboratory specimen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_specimen

    These specimens are often the most reliable method of diagnosis, depending on the ailment. For example, breast cancer biopsies, performed on laboratory specimens of breast tissue, yield just a 2% rate of incorrect diagnosis. [1] Laboratory specimens may also include feces.