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A process during which the entropy remains constant is called an isentropic process, written = or =. [12] Some examples of theoretically isentropic thermodynamic devices are pumps , gas compressors , turbines , nozzles , and diffusers .
Isentropic is the combination of the Greek word "iso" (which means - same) and entropy. When the change in flow variables is small and gradual, isentropic flows occur. The generation of sound waves is an isentropic process. A supersonic flow that is turned while there is an
Example of a real system modelled by an idealized process: PV and TS diagrams of a Brayton cycle mapped to actual processes of a gas turbine engine Thermodynamic cycles may be used to model real devices and systems, typically by making a series of assumptions to reduce the problem to a more manageable form. [ 2 ]
An isentropic process is depicted as a vertical line on a T–s diagram, whereas an isothermal process is a horizontal line. [2] Example T–s diagram for a thermodynamic cycle taking place between a hot reservoir (T H) and a cold reservoir (T C). For reversible processes, such as those found in the Carnot cycle:
In an isentropic process, system entropy (S) is constant. Under these conditions, p 1 V 1 γ = p 2 V 2 γ , where γ is defined as the heat capacity ratio , which is constant for a calorifically perfect gas .
An isentropic process is customarily defined as an idealized quasi-static reversible adiabatic process, of transfer of energy as work. Otherwise, for a constant-entropy process, if work is done irreversibly, heat transfer is necessary, so that the process is not adiabatic, and an accurate artificial control mechanism is necessary; such is ...
The terms of wet, dry and isentropic refer to the quality of vapour after the working fluid undergoes an isentropic (reversible adiabatic) expansion process from saturated vapour state. During an isentropic expansion process the working fluid always ends in the two-phase (also called wet) zone, if it is a wet-type fluid.
During the bottom isentropic processes (blue), energy is transferred into the system in the form of work , but by definition (isentropic) no energy is transferred into or out of the system in the form of heat. During the constant pressure (red, isobaric) process, energy enters the system as heat .