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Pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS) is an eye disorder that can lead to a form of glaucoma known as pigmentary glaucoma. It takes place when pigment cells slough off from the back of the iris and float around in the aqueous humor .
The disease is caused by an increase of melanocytes in the iris, choroid, and surrounding structures. Overproduction of pigment by these cells can block the trabecular meshwork through which fluid drains from the eye. The increased fluid in the eye leads to increased pressure, which can lead to glaucoma.
Variants of primary glaucoma Pigmentary glaucoma; Exfoliation glaucoma, also known as pseudoexfoliative glaucoma or glaucoma capsulare; Primary juvenile glaucoma; Primary angle closure glaucoma is caused by contact between the iris and trabecular meshwork, which in turn obstructs outflow of the aqueous humor from the eye. This contact between ...
Inherited retinal dystrophy/diseases: Back of the eye of a person with mid-stage retinitis pigmentosa. Note pigment deposits in the mid periphery along with retinal atrophy. While the macula is preserved there is some loss of pigmentation around it. Specialty: Ophthalmology, Optometry: Symptoms: Trouble seeing at night, decreased peripheral ...
Pigmentary changes in the retina – In addition to the pigmented cells in the iris (the colored part of the eye), there are pigmented cells beneath the retina. As these cells break down and release their pigment, dark clumps of released pigment and later, areas that are less pigmented may appear [citation needed]
[4] [19] Another found that PEX was present in 6% of an "open-angle glaucoma" group. [20] Pseudoexfoliation syndrome is considered to be the most common of identifiable causes of glaucoma. [5] If PEX is diagnosed without glaucoma, there is a high risk of a patient subsequently developing glaucoma. [3] Country and region. Prevalence of PEX ...
Primary congenital glaucoma is classified into three subtypes: [4] true congenital glaucoma, which causes signs of increased intraocular pressure within the first month of life, infantile glaucoma, which presents between one month and three years, and; juvenile glaucoma, which becomes clinically apparent after three years of age and before age 40.
Medical examination of the optic nerve with an ophthalmoscope may reveal a swollen optic nerve, but the nerve may also appear normal. Presence of an afferent pupillary defect, decreased color vision, and visual field loss (often central) are suggestive of optic neuritis. Recovery of visual function is expected within 10 weeks.