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The phrase entourage effect was introduced in 1999. [9] [10] While originally identified as a novel method of endocannabinoid regulation by which multiple endogenous chemical species display a cooperative effect in eliciting a cellular response, the term has evolved to describe the polypharmacy effects of combined cannabis phytochemicals or whole plant extracts. [11]
THC was also co-crystallized with autotaxin, deciphering the binding interface of the complex. These results might explain some of the effects of THC on inflammation and neurological diseases, since autotaxin is responsible of LPA generation, a key lipid mediator involved in numerous diseases and physiological processes.
Close up of a Cannabis plant. Cannabis (/ˈkænəbɪs/) is commonly known as marijuana or hemp and has two known strains: Cannabis sativa and Cannabis indica, both of which produce chemicals to deter herbivory. The chemical composition includes specialized terpenes and cannabinoids, mainly tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and cannabidiol (CBD ...
A dried cannabis flower. The short-term effects of cannabis are caused by many chemical compounds in the cannabis plant, including 113 [clarification needed] different cannabinoids, such as tetrahydrocannabinol, and 120 terpenes, [1] which allow its drug to have various psychological and physiological effects on the human body.
Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Cannabis sativa, scientific drawing from c. 1900 Although the main psychoactive constituent of Cannabis is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the plant is known to contain more than 500 compounds, among them at least 113 cannabinoids ; however, most of these "minor" cannabinoids are only produced in trace amounts. [ 9 ]
A 2022 study published in the Journal of Psychopharmacology found that participants given oral cannabis (the lab-grade alternative to an edible) showed low blood THC concentration at the height of ...
Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA, 2-COOH-THC; conjugate base tetrahydrocannabinolate) is a precursor of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), an active component of cannabis. [1]THCA is found in variable quantities in fresh, undried cannabis, but is progressively decarboxylated to THC with drying, and especially under intense heating such as when cannabis is smoked or cooked into cannabis edibles.
Like Δ 9-THC, 11-hydroxy-THC is a partial agonist at the cannabinoid receptor CB 1, but with significantly higher binding affinity (K i = 0.37 nM compared to Δ 9-THC K i = 35 nM). [7] With respect to cAMP inhibition at CB 1 it displays a similar efficacy to that of Δ 9 -THC (EC 50 = 11 nM vs. EC 50 = 5.2 nM, respectively), but a lower ...