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The ground surface is a frequent source of ricochets. A bullet may be deflected more than once before it comes to rest. [17] Damage potential of ricochets, like bullets, is proportional to the mass of the bullet fragment and the square of its velocity. Ricochet velocity is always lower than collision velocity, but may be close to collision ...
P: Momentum, in pound (force) (lbf) times seconds. [1] A guide to the recoil from the cartridge, and an indicator of bullet penetration potential. The .30-06 Springfield (at 2.064 lbf-s) is considered the upper limit for tolerable recoil for inexperienced rifle shooters. [2] Chg: Propellant charge, in grains; Dia: Bullet diameter, in inches
Hard cast solid bullet (left), with gas check (center) and lubrication (right) A modern centerfire cartridge consisting of the following: 1. bullet, as the projectile; 2. metallic case, which holds all parts together; 3. propellant, for example gunpowder or cordite;4. rim, which provides the extractor on the firearm a place to grip the case to ...
The bean bag round typically consists of a small fabric "pillow" filled with #9 lead shot weighing about 40 grams (1.4 oz). It is fired from a normal 12-gauge shotgun.When fired, the bag is expelled at around 70 to 90 metres per second (230 to 300 ft/s); it spreads out in flight and distributes its impact over about 6 square centimetres (1 sq in) of the target.
Stopping power is the ability of a weapon – typically a ranged weapon such as a firearm – to cause a target (human or animal) to be incapacitated or immobilized. Stopping power contrasts with lethality in that it pertains only to a weapon's ability to make the target cease action, regardless of whether or not death ultimately occurs.
Heavy-for-caliber pointed (spitzer) bullets with a boattail design have BCs at the higher end of the normal range, whereas lighter bullets with square tails and blunt noses have lower BCs. The 6 mm and 6.5 mm cartridges are probably the most well known for having high BCs and are often used in long range target matches of 300 m (328 yd ...
120×570mm NATO tank ammunition (4.7 inch), also known as 120×570mmR, is a common, NATO-standard (STANAG 4385), tank gun semi-combustible cartridge used by 120mm smoothbore guns, superseding the earlier 105×617mmR cartridge used in NATO-standard rifled tank guns.
The M196 tracer cartridge (54-grain bullet) 5.56×45mm NATO was developed for the original M16 rifle and is compatible with the M16A1 barrel also using 1:12 rifling twist. It has a red tip and is designed to trace out to 500 yards, and its trajectory matches the M193 (56-grain) ball cartridge, which has no tip color.