Ad
related to: risk and utility theory meaning in finance
Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Hyperbolic absolute risk aversion (HARA) is the most general class of utility functions that are usually used in practice (specifically, CRRA (constant relative risk aversion, see below), CARA (constant absolute risk aversion), and quadratic utility all exhibit HARA and are often used because of their mathematical tractability).
Risk of a portfolio is based on the variability of returns from said portfolio. An investor is risk averse. An investor prefers to increase consumption. The investor's utility function is concave and increasing, due to their risk aversion and consumption preference. Analysis is based on single period model of investment.
The expected utility theory takes into account that individuals may be risk-averse, meaning that the individual would refuse a fair gamble (a fair gamble has an expected value of zero). Risk aversion implies that their utility functions are concave and show diminishing marginal wealth utility.
The utility function is convex for a risk-lover and concave for a risk-averse person (and subsequently linear for a risk-neutral person). [1] Subsequently, it can be understood that the utility function curves in this way depending on the individual's personal preference towards risk. [1]
In decision theory, the Ellsberg paradox (or Ellsberg's paradox) is a paradox in which people's decisions are inconsistent with subjective expected utility theory. John Maynard Keynes published a version of the paradox in 1921. [1] Daniel Ellsberg popularized the paradox in his 1961 paper, "Risk, Ambiguity, and the Savage Axioms". [2]
The more special case of the isoelastic utility function, with constant relative risk aversion, occurs if, further, b = 0. The logarithmic utility function occurs for = as goes to 0. The more special case of constant relative risk aversion equal to one — U(W) = log(W) — occurs if, further, b = 0.
In decision theory, the von Neumann–Morgenstern (VNM) utility theorem demonstrates that rational choice under uncertainty involves making decisions that take the form of maximizing the expected value of some cardinal utility function. This function is known as the von Neumann–Morgenstern utility function.
Modern portfolio theory (MPT), or mean-variance analysis, is a mathematical framework for assembling a portfolio of assets such that the expected return is maximized for a given level of risk. It is a formalization and extension of diversification in investing, the idea that owning different kinds of financial assets is less risky than owning ...