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A shoji (障 （ しょう ） 子 （ じ ）, Japanese pronunciation:) is a door, window or room divider used in traditional Japanese architecture, consisting of translucent (or transparent) sheets on a lattice frame.
In Japanese architecture, fusuma are vertical rectangular panels which can slide from side to side to redefine spaces within a room, or act as doors. [1] They typically measure about 90 cm (2 ft 11 in) wide by 180 cm (5 ft 11 in) tall, the same size as a tatami mat, and are 2–3 cm (0.79–1.18 in) thick.
Japanese people originally used miscanthus, reeds, rice straw, and bamboo as barriers to the entrances of houses. Using fabric curtains as dividers was an idea imported from China around the same time as Zen Buddhism. [2] The term noren began to be used in the late Kamakura period.
In schools or religious facilities, room dividers primarily are used to create temporary classrooms for education in large open rooms. [8] [9] Since the rooms were designed originally to be open for other purposes, the most common type of room divider is a portable room divider on casters which can easily be moved from place to place. After ...
Traditional Japanese architecture uses post-and-lintel structures – vertical posts, connected by horizontal beams. Rafters are traditionally the only structural member used in Japanese timber framing that are neither horizontal nor vertical. The rest of the structure is non-load-bearing. [1] [2]
The Making of a Modern Japanese Architecture, From the Founders to Shinohara and Isozaki. Kodansha International. Sumner, Yuki; Pollock, Naomi (2010). New Architecture in Japan. London: Merrell. ISBN 978-1-85894-450-0. Takasaki, Masaharu (1998). An Architecture of Cosmology. Princeton Architectural Press. Tanigawa, Masami (2008).
Many new construction Japanese apartments have no washitsu at all, instead using linoleum or hardwood floors. The size of a washitsu is measured by the number of tatami mats, using the counter word jō (畳), which, depending on the area, are between 1.5 m 2 and 1.8 m 2. (See tatami.) Typical room sizes are six or eight tatami mats in a private ...
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