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Catherine II [a] (born Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst; 2 May 1729 – 17 November 1796), [b] most commonly known as Catherine the Great, [c] was the reigning empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796. She came to power after overthrowing her husband, Peter III .
Empress Catherine II of Russia sponsored the Russian Enlightenment. She incorporated many ideas of Enlightenment philosophers, especially Montesquieu, in her Nakaz, which was intended to revise Russian law. However, inviting the famous French philosopher Denis Diderot to her court worked out poorly. [14]
Mikeshin's Monument to Catherine the Great after the Alexandrine Theatre in St. Petersburg. The Russian Age of Enlightenment was a period in the 18th century in which the government began to actively encourage the proliferation of arts and sciences, which had a profound impact on Russian culture. During this time, the first Russian university ...
They included Frederick the Great of Prussia, Catherine the Great of Russia, Leopold II of Tuscany and Joseph II of Austria. Joseph was over-enthusiastic, announcing many reforms that had little support so that revolts broke out and his regime became a comedy of errors, and nearly all his programs were reversed. [67]
Articles relating to Catherine the Great (1729–1796, reigned 1762–1796) and her reign. She was an Empress of Russia, the country's last empress regnant and longest-ruling female leader. She came to power following the overthrow of her husband and second cousin, Peter III.
The title page of the Nakaz French translation of the Instructions, 1769. Nakaz, or Instruction, of Catherine the Great (Russian: Наказ Екатерины II Комиссии о составлении проекта нового Уложения, transliteration: Nakaz Jekateriny II Komissiji o sostavleniji projekta novogo Uloženija), was a statement of legal principles written by ...
After Catherine failed in her ambition to procure a genuine Chinese architect, the Russian ambassador in London was instructed to obtain a replica of William Chambers's Great Pagoda in the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew for Tsarskoye Selo, a central structure of the Chinoiserie architecture. Catherine's death in 1796 led to the works being suspended.
1794 portrait of Catherine the Great by Dmitry Levitzky. Born in 1754, [1] Paul was the son of Emperor Peter III and Catherine the Great. [2] Six months after Peter's accession, Catherine participated in a successful coup d'état against her husband; Peter was deposed and killed in prison. [3] During Catherine's reign, Russia was revitalized.