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Diagram of Wadati–Benioff zone, from the United States Geological Survey Seismicity cross-section, Kuril Islands subduction zone, 15 November 2006, 8.3 M w event marked as star A Wadati–Benioff zone (also Benioff–Wadati zone or Benioff zone or Benioff seismic zone ) is a planar zone of seismicity corresponding with the down-going slab in ...
On the Hyndman and Wang diagram (not shown, click on reference link below) the "locked" zone is storing up energy for an earthquake, and the "transition" zone, although somewhat plastic, could probably rupture. [10] The Cascadia subduction zone runs from triple junctions at its north and south ends.
A diagram illustrating the interseismic, preseismic, and postseismic periods for a subduction zone earthquake cycle. The over-riding plate bends to accumulate stress during the interseismic period and rebounds back to its previous position to release stress.
A fault zone is a cluster of parallel faults. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] However, the term is also used for the zone of crushed rock along a single fault. [ 7 ] Prolonged motion along closely spaced faults can blur the distinction, as the rock between the faults is converted to fault-bound lenses of rock and then progressively crushed.
Diagram of a subduction zone. The megathrust fault lies on the top of the subducting slab where it is in contact with the overriding plate. The term megathrust refers to an extremely large thrust fault, typically formed at the plate interface along a subduction zone, such as the Sunda megathrust.
Earthquakes are common along convergent boundaries. A region of high earthquake activity, the Wadati–Benioff zone, generally dips 45° and marks the subducting plate. Earthquakes will occur to a depth of 670 km (416 mi) along the Wadati-Benioff margin. [citation needed] Both compressional and extensional forces act along convergent boundaries.
Because earthquakes can occur only when a rock is deforming in a brittle fashion, subduction zones can cause large earthquakes. If such a quake causes rapid deformation of the sea floor, there is potential for tsunamis. The largest tsunami ever recorded happened due to a mega-thrust earthquake on December 26, 2004. The earthquake was caused by ...
Distribution of seismicity associated with the New Madrid seismic zone (since 1974). This zone of intense earthquake activity is located deep within the interior of the North American plate. An intraplate earthquake occurs in the interior of a tectonic plate, in contrast to an interplate earthquake on the boundary of a tectonic plate.