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Carpenters extensively use dimensional lumber in framing wooden buildings. Common sizes include 2×4 (pictured) (also two-by-four and other variants, such as four-by-two in Australia, New Zealand, and the UK), 2×6, and 4×4. The length of a board is usually specified separately from the width and depth.
The board foot or board-foot is a unit of measurement for the volume of lumber in the United States and Canada [1].It equals the volume of a board that is one foot (30.5 cm) in length, one foot in width, and one inch (2.54 cm) in thickness, or exactly 2.359 737 216 liters.
Each wood species has a general respiration rate; a generally-assumed time length for acclimating a board to its locale is 1 year per inch of thickness. In preparing raw wood for eventual usage as furniture or structures, one must account for uneven respiration and changes in the wood's dimensions, as well as cracking or checking. [5] [6]
Timber design or wood design is a subcategory of structural engineering that focuses on the engineering of wood structures. Timber is classified by tree species (e.g., southern pine, douglas fir, etc.) and its strength is graded using numerous coefficients that correspond to the number of knots, the moisture content, the temperature, the grain ...
The wood is categorized as a board if its width is less than 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (64 mm), and its thickness is less than 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (38 mm). A plank used in a building as a horizontal supporting member that runs between foundations, walls, or beams to support a ceiling or floor is called a joist.
A cord of wood. The cord is a unit of measure of dry volume used to measure firewood and pulpwood in the United States and Canada.. A cord is the amount of wood that, when "racked and well stowed" (arranged so pieces are aligned, parallel, touching, and compact), occupies a volume of 128 cubic feet (3.62 m 3). [1]
Wall studs are framing components in timber or steel-framed walls, that run between the top and bottom plates.It is a fundamental element in frame building. The majority non-masonry buildings rely on wall studs, with wood being the most common and least-expensive material used for studs.
Studs usually consist of 1 + 1 ⁄ 2-by-3 + 1 ⁄ 2-inch (38 mm × 89 mm) or 1 + 1 ⁄ 2-by-5 + 1 ⁄ 2-inch (38 mm × 140 mm) lumber and are commonly spaced at 16 inches (410 mm) on center. This spacing may be changed to 12 or 24 inches (300 or 610 mm) on center depending on the load and the limitations imposed by the type and thickness of the ...