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Similar to the sine and cosine functions, the inverse trigonometric functions can also be calculated using power series, as follows. For arcsine, the series can be derived by expanding its derivative, 1 1 − z 2 {\textstyle {\tfrac {1}{\sqrt {1-z^{2}}}}} , as a binomial series , and integrating term by term (using the integral definition as ...
The sine and the cosine functions, for example, are used to describe simple harmonic motion, which models many natural phenomena, such as the movement of a mass attached to a spring and, for small angles, the pendular motion of a mass hanging by a string. The sine and cosine functions are one-dimensional projections of uniform circular motion.
Graphs of the inverse hyperbolic functions The hyperbolic functions sinh, cosh, and tanh with respect to a unit hyperbola are analogous to circular functions sin, cos, tan with respect to a unit circle. The argument to the hyperbolic functions is a hyperbolic angle measure.
In mathematics, sine and cosine are trigonometric functions of an angle.The sine and cosine of an acute angle are defined in the context of a right triangle: for the specified angle, its sine is the ratio of the length of the side that is opposite that angle to the length of the longest side of the triangle (the hypotenuse), and the cosine is the ratio of the length of the adjacent leg to that ...
The modern Fourier transform concisely contains both the sine and cosine transforms. Since the sine and cosine transforms use sine and cosine waves instead of complex exponentials and don't require complex numbers or negative frequency, they more closely correspond to Joseph Fourier's original transform equations and are still preferred in some ...
On the other hand, the versed sine of θ is the distance CD from the center of the chord to the center of the arc. Thus, the sum of cos(θ) (equal to the length of line OC) and versin(θ) (equal to the length of line CD) is the radius OD (with length 1). Illustrated this way, the sine is vertical (rectus, literally "straight") while the versine ...
There are three common notations for inverse trigonometric functions. The arcsine function, for instance, could be written as sin −1, asin, or, as is used on this page, arcsin. For each inverse trigonometric integration formula below there is a corresponding formula in the list of integrals of inverse hyperbolic functions.
Ptolemy's theorem states that the sum of the products of the lengths of opposite sides is equal to the product of the lengths of the diagonals. When those side-lengths are expressed in terms of the sin and cos values shown in the figure above, this yields the angle sum trigonometric identity for sine: sin(α + β) = sin α cos β + cos α sin β.