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Biodiversity plays a major role in the productivity and functioning of ecosystems, affects their ability to provide ecosystem services. [2] For example, biodiversity is a source of food, medication, and materials used in industry. Recreation and tourism are also examples of human economic activities that rely on these benefits.
Overexploitation is one of the main threats to global biodiversity. [3] Other threats include pollution, introduced and invasive species, habitat fragmentation, habitat destruction, [3] uncontrolled hybridization, [37] climate change, [38] ocean acidification [39] and the driver behind many of these, human overpopulation. [40]
The changes to ecosystems have contributed to substantial net gains in human well-being and economic development, but these gains have been achieved at growing costs in the form of the degradation of many ecosystem services, increased risks of nonlinear changes, and the exacerbation of poverty for some groups of people. These problems, unless ...
The report provided evidence for significant global and local economic losses and human welfare impacts due to the ongoing losses of biodiversity and degradation of ecosystems. It focused largely on forests and looked at the extent of losses of natural capital taking place as a result of deforestation and degradation.
Red list categories of the IUCN Demonstrator against biodiversity loss, at Extinction Rebellion (2018).. The current rate of global biodiversity loss is estimated to be 100 to 1000 times higher than the (naturally occurring) background extinction rate, faster than at any other time in human history, [25] [26] and is expected to grow in the upcoming years.
Human–wildlife conflict has been defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) in 2004 as "any interaction between humans and wildlife that results in negative impacts of human social, economic or cultural life, on the conservation of wildlife populations, or on the environment". [6]
The framework is designed to address the need to mitigate and adapt to the challenges posed by pollution, climate crisis, and biodiversity loss. The framework is similar to other multidimensional analyses of human impacts on the environment including global catastrophic risk and planetary boundaries.
According to the Report, the threat to species diversity is human-caused. [19] The main cause is the human land requirement, which deprives other species of their habitats. [ 10 ] In the past 50 years, the world's human population has doubled, [ 20 ] [ 12 ] per capita gross domestic product has quadrupled, [ 21 ] and biodiversity has suffered a ...