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As the original technical software partner of ACCA, [3] Wrightsoft Corp became the first HVAC software company to create a computerized version of their Manual J, Manual D, and Manual N calculation methods. The Air Conditioning Contractors of America and Wrightsoft released the very first Manual J Load calculation software (Right-J) in February ...
The CLTD/CLF/SCL (cooling load temperature difference/cooling load factor/solar cooling load factor) cooling load calculation method was first introduced in the 1979 ASHRAE Cooling and Heating Load Manual (GRP-158) [1] The CLTD/CLF/SCL Method is regarded as a reasonably accurate approximation of the total heat gains through a building envelope ...
Ten key input mode is available in printing calculators from companies such as Sharp, [20] and in software calculators like Judy's TenKey [21] used by accounting firms. Online tenkey training and certification tools are available as well, [ 22 ] [ 23 ] and some businesses use ten key typing speed as an employment criterion.
The HP-65 introduced the "tall", trapezoid-shaped keys that would become iconic for many generations of HP calculators. Each of the keys had up to four functions. In addition to the "normal function" printed on the key's face, a "gold" function printed on the case above the key and a "blue" function printed on the slanted front surface of the ...
Friden made a calculator that also provided square roots, basically by doing division, but with added mechanism that automatically incremented the number in the keyboard in a systematic fashion. The last of the mechanical calculators were likely to have short-cut multiplication, and some ten-key, serial-entry types had decimal-point keys.
HP has never made another calculator specifically for programmers, [2] but has incorporated many of the HP-16C's functions in later scientific and graphing calculators, for example the HP-42S (1988) and its successors. Like many other vintage HP calculators, the HP-16C is now highly sought-after by collectors. [14]
The Curta was conceived by Curt Herzstark in the 1930s in Vienna, Austria.By 1938, he had filed a key patent, covering his complemented stepped drum. [3] [4] This single drum replaced the multiple drums, typically around 10 or so, of contemporary calculators, and it enabled not only addition, but subtraction through nines complement math, essentially subtracting by adding.
Before the advent of the scientific pocket calculator, it was the most commonly used calculation tool in science and engineering. [3] The slide rule's ease of use, ready availability, and low cost caused its use to continue to grow through the 1950s and 1960s, even as desktop electronic computers were gradually introduced.