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The arrangement of pectoral elements and the number of vertebrae are some guides, but the degree of vertebral articulation and the arrangement of the bones in the leg have not been found to be reliable indicators. The early proto-frogs developed from temnospondyl ancestors in which some of the elements of their vertebrae remained separate. The ...
Many representative terrestrial vertebrates possess a distal cushion on the under-surface of the foot. The dog's paw contains a number of visco-elastic pads oriented along the middle and distal foot. The horse possesses a centralized digital pad known as the frog, which is located at the distal aspect of the foot and surrounded by the hoof. [12]
The leg of a plantigrade mammal includes the bones of the upper leg (femur/humerus) and lower leg (tibia and fibula/radius and ulna). The leg of a digitigrade mammal also includes the metatarsals / metacarpals , the bones that in a human compose the arch of the foot and the palm of the hand.
Just for the record: A PDF of the score for File:Frog Legs 3.mid, at time of this PDF's upload. Just to show how many changes have been made to humanize the MIDI. Composition is {{PD-Old}} My work is {{cc-by-3.0}}
With reference to quadrupeds, the term foreleg or front leg is often used instead. In bipedal animals with an upright posture (e.g. humans and some other primates), the term upper limb is often used. A forelimb is not to be confused with a forearm, which is a distal portion of the human upper limb between the elbow and the wrist.
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Leg bones are the bones found in the leg. These can include the following: Femur – The bone in the thigh. Patella – The knee cap; Tibia – The shin bone, the larger of the two leg bones located below the knee cap; Fibula – The smaller of the two leg bones located below the patella
Accessory bones amidst tarsals. Three proximal bones. Humans hold all three in their hands. In the foot, the middle proximal appears in 5–15% of people as an os trigonum and can be involved in foot pain. [1] Centrale or os centrale, is on the medial side.