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In both tests, the patient is placed in a standing or sitting position, and the arms are raised parallel to the ground in the scapular plane. [2] The tests differ in the rotation of the arm; in the empty can test, the arm is rotated to full internal rotation (thumb down) and in the full can test, the arm is rotated to 45° external rotation, thumb up. [1]
Jobe's test is a physical exam test that is used to detect anterior shoulder instability. It is used to distinguish between anterior instability and primary shoulder impingement. This test should be performed after the Apprehension test. [3] This test was named for Christopher Jobe. [4]
Patrick's test or FABER test is performed to evaluate pathology of the hip joint or the sacroiliac joint. [1]The test is performed by having the tested leg flexed and the thigh abducted and externally rotated.
Patient should be sitting on the edge of the table while the examiner is by the side of the patient. [citation needed]The slump test consists of several different steps: [citation needed]
The Thomas test is a physical examination test, named after the Welsh orthopaedic surgeon, Hugh Owen Thomas (1834–1891), to rule out hip flexion contracture (fixed partial flexion of the hip) and psoas syndrome (injury to the psoas muscle).
Orthopedic Examination Made Easy. Amazon Books. 2006. ISBN 978-0443100017 [26] Operative Techniques in Joint Reconstruction Surgery. 2016. ISBN 978-1451193060 [27] High Yield Orthopaedics. Elsevier. 2010. ISBN 978-1416002369 [28] Essentials in Total Hip Arthroplasty. Slack Incorporated. 2009. ISBN 978-1556428708 [29]
The Hawkins–Kennedy Test is a test used in the evaluation of orthopedic shoulder injury. It was first described in the 1980s by Canadians R. Hawkins and J. Kennedy, and a positive test is most likely indicative of damage to the tendon of the supraspinatus muscle .