Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
unstrict inequality signs (less-than or equals to sign and greater-than or equals to sign) : 1670 (with the horizontal bar over the inequality sign, rather than below it) ...
The natural logarithm of x is generally written as ln x, log e x, or sometimes, if the base e is implicit, simply log x. [2] [3] Parentheses are sometimes added for clarity, giving ln(x), log e (x), or log(x). This is done particularly when the argument to the logarithm is not a single symbol, so as to prevent ambiguity.
¯ = sample mean of differences d 0 {\displaystyle d_{0}} = hypothesized population mean difference s d {\displaystyle s_{d}} = standard deviation of differences
ln(r) is the standard natural logarithm of the real number r. Arg( z ) is the principal value of the arg function; its value is restricted to (− π , π ] . It can be computed using Arg( x + iy ) = atan2 ( y , x ) .
If p is a probability, then p/(1 − p) is the corresponding odds; the logit of the probability is the logarithm of the odds, i.e.: = = = = (). The base of the logarithm function used is of little importance in the present article, as long as it is greater than 1, but the natural logarithm with base e is the one most often used.
The derivative of ln(x) is 1/x; this implies that ln(x) is the unique antiderivative of 1/x that has the value 0 for x = 1. It is this very simple formula that motivated to qualify as "natural" the natural logarithm; this is also one of the main reasons of the importance of the constant e.
Thus, if the random variable X is log-normally distributed, then Y = ln(X) has a normal distribution. [2] [3] Equivalently, if Y has a normal distribution, then the exponential function of Y, X = exp(Y), has a log-normal distribution. A random variable which is log-normally distributed takes only positive real values.
For most symbols, the entry name is the corresponding Unicode symbol. So, for searching the entry of a symbol, it suffices to type or copy the Unicode symbol into the search textbox. Similarly, when possible, the entry name of a symbol is also an anchor, which allows linking easily from another Wikipedia article. When an entry name contains ...