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Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a medical condition characterized by blood pooling in the veins, leading to increased pressure and strain on the vein walls. [1] The most common cause of CVI is superficial venous reflux, which often results in the formation of varicose veins, a treatable condition. [2]
Varicose veins have no specific cause. [2] Risk factors include obesity, lack of exercise, leg trauma, and family history of the condition. [3] They also develop more commonly during pregnancy. [3] Occasionally they result from chronic venous insufficiency. [2] Underlying causes include weak or damaged valves in the veins. [1]
The exact cause of venous ulcers is not certain, but a common denominator is generally venous stasis, which may be caused by chronic venous insufficiency, [8] and/or congestive heart failure. [9] Venous stasis causes the pressure in veins to increase.
Venous insufficiency is the most common disorder of the venous system, and is usually manifested as either spider veins or varicose veins. Several treatments are available including endovenous thermal ablation (using radiofrequency or laser energy), vein stripping, ambulatory phlebectomy, foam sclerotherapy, laser, or compression. [citation needed]
Venous leak, also called venogenic erectile dysfunction and penile venous insufficiency, is one category of vascular-induced (vasculogenic) impotence – a cause of erectile dysfunction in males. [2] It affects all ages, being particularly awkward in young men. [ 3 ]
Inferior vena cava syndrome (IVCS) is a very rare constellation of symptoms resulting from either obstruction or stenosis of the inferior vena cava. It can be caused by physical invasion or compression by a pathological process, or by thrombosis within the vein itself. It can also occur during pregnancy. Symptoms including high venous pressure ...