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Organophosphates are a class of compounds encompassing a number of distinct but closely related function groups.These are primarily the esters of phosphoric acid and can be mono‑esters, di‑esters or tri‑esters depending on the number of attached organic groups (abbreviated as 'R' in the image below).
Organophosphorus chemistry is the scientific study of the synthesis and properties of organophosphorus compounds, which are organic compounds containing phosphorus. [1] They are used primarily in pest control as an alternative to chlorinated hydrocarbons that persist in the environment.
Organophosphate poisoning is poisoning due to organophosphates (OPs). [4] Organophosphates are used as insecticides , medications, and nerve agents . [ 4 ] Symptoms include increased saliva and tear production, diarrhea , vomiting, small pupils , sweating, muscle tremors, and confusion. [ 2 ]
In organic chemistry, phosphate or orthophosphate is an organophosphate, an ester of orthophosphoric acid of the form PO 4 RR′R″ where one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by organic groups. An example is trimethyl phosphate, (CH 3) 3 PO 4. The term also refers to the trivalent functional group OP(O-) 3 in such esters.
Organophosphates are esters and ester derivatives of phosphoric acid. Ester derivatives include: Ester halides (Category:Organophosphorohalidates)
Common mnemonics for the symptomatology of organophosphate poisoning, including sarin, are the "killer Bs" of bronchorrhea and bronchospasm because they are the leading cause of death, [8] and SLUDGE – salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation, gastrointestinal distress, and emesis (vomiting). Death may follow in one to ten minutes after ...
Organothiophosphates or organophosphorothioates are a subclass of organophosphorus compounds and of thiophosphate compounds.They are the organic compounds that contain a phosphate group in which one or more oxygen atoms is substituted by sulfur.
Malathion is an organophosphate insecticide which acts as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. In the USSR, it was known as carbophos, in New Zealand and Australia as maldison and in South Africa as mercaptothion.