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Geologic map showing the regions and major features of the Himalayas. The Himalayas consist of four parallel mountain ranges from south to north: the Sivalik Hills on the south; the Lower Himalayas; the Great Himalayas, which is the highest and central range; and the Tibetan Himalayas on the north. [20] [21]
The Himalayan Rim is the region surrounding the Himalayas.. Geographically, it is surrounded by the Iranian Plateau in the west, Hindu Kush and Karakoram and Pamir ranges in the northwest, the Tibetan Plateau in the north, the Indochinese Peninsula in the east, and the Indian subcontinent in the south.
The Himalayas border the Indo-Gangetic Plain to the south, Pamir Mountains to the west in Central Asia, and the Hengduan Mountains to the east on the China–Myanmar border. From east to west the Himalayas are divided into 3 regions, Eastern Himalaya, Central Himalaya, and Western Himalaya, which collectively house several nations and states.
The major peaks (not mountains) above 7,500 m (24,600 ft) height in Himalayas, rank identified in Himalayas alone (not the world). [1] The map may help give context to List of Himalayan peaks and passes with more detail and zooming on click through.
The Himalayan mountain chain is a fold and thrust belt that can be divided into four units bounded by thrusts from south to north: the Sub-Himalaya, Lesser Himalaya, Greater Himalaya and Tethyan Himalaya. [1] The Lesser Himalayan Zone has a lower relief and elevation of the mountains compared to Greater Himalaya.
Fold mountains form in areas of thrust tectonics, such as where two tectonic plates move towards each other at convergent plate boundary.When plates and the continents riding on them collide or undergo subduction (that is – ride one over another), the accumulated layers of rock may crumple and fold like a tablecloth that is pushed across a table, particularly if there is a mechanically weak ...
Map of prominent mountain ranges in India, showing Aravalli in north-west India. The Aravalli Range, an eroded stub of ancient mountains, is believed to be the oldest range of fold mountains in India. [10] The natural history of the Aravalli Range dates back to times when the Indian Plate was separated from the Eurasian Plate by an ocean.
The Sivalik Hills are a mountain range of the outer Himalayas that stretches over about 2,400 km (1,500 mi) from the Indus River eastwards close to the Brahmaputra River, spanning the northern parts of the Indian subcontinent. It is 10–50 km (6.2–31.1 mi) wide with an average elevation of 1,500–2,000 m (4,900–6,600 ft).