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The majority of self-declared socialist countries have been Marxist–Leninist or inspired by it, following the model of the Soviet Union or some form of people's or national democracy. They share a common definition of socialism, and they refer to themselves as socialist states on the road to communism with a leading vanguard party structure ...
Nicaragua has been ruled by a socialist party from 1984–1990, and from 2007 on by Daniel Ortega, who is a Sandinista. Venezuela is currently ruled by Nicolás Maduro, who has been President since 2013 (disputed since 2019). Maduro is the leader of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV), which is considered far-left and Marxist. [6]
This list does not contain communist parties previously represented in European Parliament. This article lists only those parties who officially call themselves communist ideologically. Seven communist parties have been elected to European Parliament in seven different countries.
Communist countries and Soviet republics in Europe with their representative flags (1950s) However, the vestiges of democratic institutions were never entirely destroyed, resulting in the façade of Western style institutions such as parliaments, which effectively just rubber-stamped decisions made by rulers, and constitutions, to which ...
Many other communist parties did not govern any country, but did govern a state or region within a country. Others have also been represented in national, state, or regional parliaments. Some communist parties and schools of thought reject parliamentarism, instead advocating insurrection or social revolution as well as workers' councils.
The list does not contain parties previously represented in parliaments, nor social democratic parties. 178 socialist, communist and anti-capitalist parties have been elected worldwide to parliament in 83 different recognized and non-recognized
This category has the following 54 subcategories, out of 54 total. European communists (49 C) Communist organizations in Europe (13 C, 14 P ... (country) (5 C , 3 P ...
Moreover, all communist states have been established in countries with a civil law system. [112] The countries of Eastern Europe had formally been governed by the Austro-Hungarian Empire, German Empire, and Russian Empire—all of whom had a civil law legal system. [112]