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An onion (Allium cepa L., from Latin cepa meaning "onion"), also known as the bulb onion or common onion, is a vegetable that is the most widely cultivated species of the genus Allium. The shallot is a botanical variety of the onion which was classified as a separate species until 2011.
Some species (such as Welsh onion A. fistulosum and leeks (A. ampeloprasum)) develop thickened leaf-bases rather than forming bulbs as such. Carl Linnaeus first described the genus Allium in 1753. The generic name Allium is the Latin word for garlic, [9] [10] and the type species for the genus is Allium sativum which means "cultivated garlic". [11]
There are dozens of cultivars of the onion (Allium cepa), one of the most widely cultivated species of the genus Allium, But there are also other species cultivated as 'onions'. Many are named after the first person to breed them, or the locality they came from.
List of Allium species; Allium is the onion genus, with 600-920 species, making it one of the largest plant genera in the world; List of onion cultivars; cultivars of the onion (Allium cepa) List of Tor onion services, list of tor onion websites; Onion varieties; Onion (disambiguation)
Allioideae is a subfamily of monocot flowering plants in the family Amaryllidaceae, order Asparagales. It was formerly treated as a separate family, Alliaceae. [6] The subfamily name is derived from the generic name of the type genus, Allium. It is composed of about 18 genera.
The shallot is a cultivar group of the onion. Until 2010, the (French red) shallot was classified as a separate species, Allium ascalonicum. The taxon was synonymized with Allium cepa (the common onion) in 2010, as the difference was too small to justify a separate species. [1] [2]
Allium unifolium, the one-leaf onion or American garlic, [4] is a North American species of wild onion. It is native to the coastal mountain ranges of California, Oregon, and Baja California. [1] It grows on clay soils including serpentine, at elevations up to 1100 m. [5] [6]
[2] [3] [4] However, some sources may still treat the tree onion as A. cepa var. proliferum or A. cepa Proliferum Group. Tree onion bulblets will sprout and grow while still on the original stalk. The bulblets are usually marble-sized, between 0.5 cm to 3 cm in diameter. They may bend down under the weight of the new growth and take root some ...