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XPath (XML Path Language) is an expression language designed to support the query or transformation of XML documents. It was defined by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) in 1999, [1] and can be used to compute values (e.g., strings, numbers, or Boolean values) from the content of an XML document.
Originally, it was based on the XPath 1.0 data model which in turn is based on the XML Information Set. The XDM consists of flat sequences of zero or more items which can be typed or untyped, and are either atomic values or XML nodes (of seven kinds: document, element, attribute, text, namespace, processing instruction, and comment).
Compared to XPath 2.0, XPath 3.0 adds the following new features: . Inline function expressions Anonymous functions can be created in an expression context. For example, the expression function ($ a as xs:double, $ b as xs:double) as xs:double {$ a * $ b} creates a function that returns the product of its two arguments.
The XPath Data Model is a long specification, and goes into many features unrelated to XML trees. Listed below are key terms from that specification and the XML specification. [3] [4] Instance The data model represented as a sequence. Instance document A document using and conforming to the same sequence/XML tree. Sequence
Because of the changes in the data model and type system, not all expressions have exactly the same effect in XPath 2.0 as in 1.0. The main difference is that XPath 1.0 was more relaxed about type conversion, for example comparing two strings ( "4" > "4.0" ) was quite possible but would do a numeric comparison; in XPath 2.0 this is defined to ...
The language is based on the XQuery and XPath Data Model (XDM) which uses a tree-structured model of the information content of an XML document, containing seven kinds of nodes: document nodes, elements, attributes, text nodes, comments, processing instructions, and namespaces.
symbol meaning where used | union operator. used to group nodesets in XPath expressions. select attributes of elements such as xsl:when, xsl:if, xsl:for-each.: and ...
JSONiq is a query and functional programming language that is designed to declaratively query and transform collections of hierarchical and heterogeneous data in format of JSON, XML, as well as unstructured, textual data. JSONiq is an open specification published under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 license.