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Little League elbow, technically termed medial epicondyle apophysitis, is a condition that is caused by repetitive overhand throwing motions in children."Little Leaguer's elbow" was coined by Brogdon and Crow in an eponymous 1960 article in the American Journal of Radiology.
Golfer's elbow, or medial epicondylitis, is tendinosis (or more precisely enthesopathy) of the medial common flexor tendon on the inside of the elbow. [1] It is similar to tennis elbow , which affects the outside of the elbow at the lateral epicondyle.
Epicondylitis is the inflammation of an epicondyle or of adjacent tissues. [1] Epicondyles are on the medial and lateral aspects of the elbow, consisting of the two bony prominences at the distal end of the humerus.
This can produce overuse injuries such as ulnar collateral ligament tears, ulnar neuritis, flexor-pronator tendinitis, apophysitis of the medial epicondyle, valgus extension overload syndrome, olecranon stress fractures, and osteochondritis dissecans. [8]
The medial epicondyle is often the final growth plate (ossification center) to ossify in the elbow. Growth plates are particularly vulnerable to injury compared to bone. Children can have an open medial epicondyle growth plate until age 13–17 years old, thus making the medial epicondyle more susceptible to injury. [3] Medial epicondyle ...
The posterior oblique originates at the medial epicondyle and inserts along the mid-portion of the medial semilunar notch. [11] It applies more stability against valgus stress when the elbow is flexed rather than extended. The transverse ligament connects to the inferior medial coronoid process of the ulna to the medial tip of the olecranon. [11]
The ulnar collateral ligament has its apex on the medial epicondyle. Its anterior band stretches from the anterior side of the medial epicondyle to the medial edge of the coronoid process, while the posterior band stretches from posterior side of the medial epicondyle to the medial side of the olecranon. These two bands are separated by a ...
The medial epicondyle protects the ulnar nerve, which runs in a groove on the back of this epicondyle. The ulnar nerve is vulnerable because it passes close to the surface along the back of the bone. Striking the medial epicondyle causes a tingling sensation in the ulnar nerve. This response is known as striking the "funny bone". [1]