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In Thailand, the trade value of bird's nests, both wild and "farmed", is estimated at around 20 billion baht per year. [9] The industry globally is an estimated US$8.5 billion. [17] Hong Kong and the United States are the largest importers of nests. [18] In Hong Kong, a bowl of bird's nest soup costs US$30 to US$100. [1] [18]
The nest before use in bird's nest soup. The nest used in bird's nest soup is composed entirely of saliva. The soup is made by soaking and steaming the nests in water. It is said to improve kidney health, reduce phlegm, and to be an aphrodisiac. [10] [16] The nests can fetch high prices and many colonies are harvested commercially.
Authentic bird's-nest soup is made from nests of some species of swiftlet, mainly the edible-nest (or white-nest) swiftlet (Aerodramus fuciphagus) and the black-nest swiftlet. Instead of twigs, feathers and straw, these swiftlets make their nest only from strands of their gummy saliva, which hardens when exposed to air.
The half-cup nest is built on a vertical surface, often in a cave. The male swift uses thick saliva to construct the white, shiny nest into which two eggs are laid. The relatively tasteless nests are harvested, and mixed with chicken, spices, and other flavours as bird's nest soup, a supposed aphrodisiac.
The fungus has long been recognised to have antibacterial properties: the addition of the fungus to soup broth was known to prevent it from spoiling for several days. [69] One of the responsible antibiotics, albaflavenone, was isolated in 2011. It is a sesquiterpenoid that was already known from the soil bacterium Streptomyces albidoflavus. [69]
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A Filipino chicken soup made from chicken cooked in coconut water with grated coconut, green papaya (or chayote), leafy vegetables, garlic, onion, ginger, lemongrass, and patis (fish sauce). Binignit: Philippines: Dessert Coconut milk, glutinous rice, fruits, root crops, and tapioca pearls, served hot but sometimes chilled Bird's nest soup: China
Shark fin soup. Double steaming, sometimes called double boiling, is a Chinese cooking technique to prepare delicate food such as bird's nest soup and shark fin soup.The food is covered with water and put in a covered ceramic jar and the jar is then steamed for several hours.